Pastoralism
The Rioumajou valley is home to 200 cows and 1500 sheep from traditional breeding farms, which produce very good quality meat sold in the butchers' shops of Saint-Lary.
The animals maintain the mountain environment through grazing.
The transhumance with its festivities is a high spot of valley life for the shepherds and the locals.

Heritage discovery
The Pastorale du Tourisme and the Foyer Culturel encourage visitors to discover the artistic and religious heritage of Saint-Lary and the Valley, by organising visits to Romanesque churches, exhibitions, concerts and conferences.
In the centre of Saint-Lary village, the Tour Hachan, which houses the National Park Museum, and the adjacent buildings (now the Town Hall and municipal buildings) have been beautifully restored and in Saint-Lary the "Old village" now displays a combination of wood, stone and slate.
Its mullioned windows are a carbon copy of those found on the Tour Hachan.

As described by Caesar, the Chemin de la Ténarèze has linked Aquitaine to the Ebre plain from time immemorial via the cols of Rioumajou. The three hospices of Aragnouet, Rioumajou and Agos witnessed the passage of the pilgrims to Santiago de Compostela; From Tramezaygues, the latter passed into Spain, either through the Rioumajou valley, or through the Saux valley and Bielsa harbour.